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ePaper created 2014-06-03, 15:03:20 | version 1.30.01
63 02 RENEWABLES 2014 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT World China Brazil United States India Bangla- desh European Unionm Germany Spain Rest of EU Thousand Jobs Biomassa,b 782 240 152h 58 52 44 210 Biofuels 1,453 24 820f 236i 35 26 3 82 Biogas 264 90 85 9.2 49 0.5 19 Geothermala 184 35 17 1.4 82 Hydropower (Small)c 156 12 8 12 4.7 13 1.5 18 Solar PV 2,273 1,580e 112 100k 56 11 153 CSP 43 143j 1 28 0 Solar Heating / Cooling 503 350 30g 41 11 1 31 Wind Power 834 356 32 51 48 0.1 138 24 166 Total 6,492d 2,640 894 625 391 114 371l 114 760 TABLE 1. ESTIMATED DIRECT AND INDIRECT JOBS IN RENEWABLE ENERGY WORLDWIDE, BY INDUSTRY Data source: IRENA a - Power and heat applications. b - Traditional biomass is not included. c - Employment information for large-scale hydropower is incomplete, and therefore focuses on small hydro. Although 10 MW is often used as a threshold, definitions are inconsistent across countries. d - The total for “World” is calculated by adding the individual totals of the technologies. e - Previous estimates were substantially lower (in the 300,000–500,000 range), but installation jobs have expanded massively. f - About 331,000 jobs in sugar cane and 208,000 in ethanol processing in 2012; also includes 200,000 indirect jobs in equipment manufacturing, and 81,800 jobs in biodiesel. g - Equipment manufacturing; installation jobs not included. h - Biomass power direct jobs run only to 15,500. i - Includes 173,667 jobs for ethanol and 62,200 jobs for biodiesel in 2013. j - All solar technologies combined, with solar PV estimated at close to 100,000 jobs. k - Direct jobs only. l - Data for 2013. Includes 8,000 jobs in publicly funded R&D and administration; not broken down by technology. m - All data are from 2012, except for Germany. The “World” total and the “Rest of EU” total are calculated using the EU country data for 2012 (even if 2013 data for a specific country are available, e.g., Germany). Note: Data are principally for 2012–2013, with dates varying by country and technology. Some of the data for India and China are older. Totals may not add up due to rounding. Figure 22. Jobs in Renewable Energy Bioenergy (Biomass, Biofuels, Biogas) Geothermal Hydropower (Small-scale)i Solar Energy (Solar PV, CSP, Solar Heating/Cooling) Wind Power = 40,000 jobs i - Employment information for large-scale hydropower is incomplete and not included World Total 6.5 Million Jobs i - Employment information for large-scale hydropower is incomplete and not included. Figure 22. Jobs in Renewable Energy JOBS IN RENEWABLE ENERGY