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RENEWABLES 2014 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT

213RENEWABLES 2014 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT G NOTES ENERGY UNITS AND CONVERSION FACTORS ENERGY UNIT CONVERSION METRIC PREFIXES kilo (k) = 103 mega (M) = 106 giga (G) = 109 tera (T) = 1012 peta (P) = 1015 exa (E) = 1018 Example: 1 TJ = 1,000 GJ = 1,000,000 MJ = 1,000,000,000 kJ = 1,000,000,000,000 J = 1012 J 1 J = 0.001 MJ = 0.000001 GJ = 0.000000001 TJ HEAT OF COMBUSTION (HIGH HEAT VALUES) 1 l gasoline = 47.0 MJ/kg = 35.2 MJ/l (density 0.75 kg/l) 1 l ethanol = 29.7 MJ/kg = 23.4 MJ/l (density 0.79 kg/l) 1 l diesel = 45.0 MJ/kg = 37.3 MJ/l (density 0.83 kg/l) 1 l biodiesel = 40.0 MJ/kg = 35.2 MJ/l (density 0.88 kg/l) Note: 1) These values can vary with fuel and temperature. 2) Around 1.5 litres of ethanol is required to equate to 1 litre of gasoline. SOLAR THERMAL HEAT SYSTEMS 1 million m² = 0.7 GWth Used where solar thermal heat data have been converted from square metres (m²) into gigawatts thermal (GWth ), by accepted convention. VOLUME 1 m3 = 1,000 litres (l) 1 U.S. gallon = 3.78 l 1 Imperial gallon = 4.55 l Toe = tonnes oil equivalent 1 Mtoe = 41.9 PJ multiply by: GJ Toe MBtu MWh GJ 1 0.024 0.948 0.278 Toe 41.868 1 39.683 11.630 MBtu 1.055 0.025 1 0.293 MWh 3.600 0.086 3.412 1 Example: 1 MWh x 3.600 = 3.6 GJ

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