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RENEWABLES 2014 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT

177 02 RENEWABLES 2014 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT 71 Carlos Alencar, DASOL, ABRAVA, cited in Cardoso, op. cit. note 18. 72 Ibid. 73 Based on the ISOL Index, an international business climate index developed and surveyed by solrico since the beginning of 2010. This point-based indicator (ranging from 0 to 100 points) shows the satisfaction of solar thermal manufacturers and system suppliers with current and expected market development, and company values are averaged to obtain country and regional indices, per http://www.solrico.com. The average long-term current business ISOL Index 2012/2013 for Greece was 58 points, the highest score together with India, per Bärbel Epp, solrico, personal communication with REN21, February 2014. 74 Jaideep Malaviya, "India: Industry Shifts to Vacuum Tube Collectors," Solar Thermal World, 1 May 2013, http://solar thermalworld.org/content/india-industry-shifts-vacuum- tube-collectors. 75 European Technology Platform on Renewable Heating and Cooling, Strategic Research Priorities for Solar Thermal Technologies (Brussels: December 2012), p. 22, http://www.rhc- platform.org/fileadmin/Publications/Solar_thermal_SRP.pdf. 76 Werner Weiss and Pam Murphy, IEA-SHC, personal communication with REN21, March 2014. 77 Most PVT manufacturers are based in Europe, but there are also companies in China, Israel, Turkey, and the United States, from Irina Mitina, Fachhochschule Düsseldorf, Arbeitsgruppe E2 – Erneuerbare Energien und Energieeffizienz, “Technology Survey: Pros and Cons of Different PVT Collectors,” SMEThermal 2014, Berlin, 18 February 2014. See also Lydie Bahjejian, “France: Third Player to Launch PVT Panel on Market,” Solar Thermal World, 7 May 2013, http://solarthermalworld.org/content/ france-third-player-launch-pvt-panel-market. 78 See, for example, Stephanie Banse and Joachim Berner, “Lowering Costs, Maintaining Efficiency,” Sun & Wind Energy, December 2012, pp. 62–65; Epp, op. cit. note 20; Rosell, “Mexico: Fight for New Incentives,” op. cit. note 20. 79 The test standard EN ISO 9806, by ISO committees CEN/ TC 312 and ISO TC180, includes testing methodology for a number of new solar thermal technologies, such as solar air heating collectors and concentrating medium-temperature collectors, from Bärbel Epp, “Global Collector Test Standard Incorporates New Technologies,” Solar Thermal World, 24 October 2013, http://solarthermalworld.org/content/ global-collector-test-standard-incorporates-new-technologies. 80 For example, review of a technical quality standard in Mexico during 2012 reduced the approved system models from 250 to 40, and there are still efforts under way to create a national standard, from Rosell, “Mexico: Fight for New Incentives,” op. cit. note 20; Costa Rica’s Institute of Technical Standards began working on a standardisation process for solar thermal systems, from Epp, op. cit. note 20. 81 The first World Map of the Solar Process Heat Collector Industry includes 36 companies from 10 countries including 18 parabolic trough collector manufacturers, four Fresnel collector manufacturers, 1 evacuated flat-plate collector manufacturer, 8 scheffler/paraboloid dish collector manufacturers, and 4 receiver (tube) manufacturers, per Eva Augsten, “The world of solar process heat,” Sun & Wind Energy, March 2014. Only a small portion (perhaps one-third) of manufacturers is also active in the CSP field, per Bärbel Epp, solrico, personal communication with REN21, 26 March 2014. 82 Based on survey with manufacturers of process heat systems, from Augsten, op. cit. note 81, pp. 36–45. 83 Jakob, op. cit. note 50, slide 26. 84 Eva Augsten, “Australia: Country to Publish First Solar Air Conditioning Standard,” Solar Thermal World, 17 June 2013, http://solarthermalworld.org/content/ australia-country-publish-first-solar-air-conditioning-standard. 85 Makatec (Germany) and Solabcool (Netherlands) released new chillers; Solabcool, Mitsubishi Plastics (Japan), and Jiangsu Huineng (China) put out new cooling kits, from Augsten, op. cit. note 84. 86 Eva Augsten, “Germany: Additional Support for Small Solar Cooling Systems,” Solar Thermal World, 3 February 2014, http://solarthermalworld.org/content/ germany-additional-support-small-solar-cooling-systems. 87 Daniel Mugnier, TECSOL SA, personal communication with REN21, 11 April 2014. See, for example, http://en.helioclim.fr/. WIND POWER 1 A total of 35,289 MW was added during the year, bringing the total to 318,105 MW, according to Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC), Global Wind Report—Annual Market Update 2013 (Brussels: April 2014), p. 17, http://www.gwec.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/ GWEC-Global-Wind-Report_9-April-2014.pdf, and Steve Sawyer, GWEC, personal communication with REN21, 10 April 2014; 35,550 MW added for an increase of 12.8%, to a total of 318,529 MW, from World Wind Energy Association (WWEA), World Wind Energy Report 2013 (Bonn: 2014); and 36,134 MW added for a total of 321,559 MW, from Navigant Research, World Market Update 2013: International Wind Energy Development. Forecast 2014-2018 (Copenhagen: March 2014), Executive Summary; 35,572 MW was installed for a total of 318,576 MW, per EurObserv’ER, Wind Energy Barometer (Paris: February 2014), p. 2, http://www.energies-renouvelables.org/observ-er/stat_baro/ observ/baro-jde14-gb.pdf. Figure 19 based on historical data from GWEC, op. cit. this note, and data for 2013 from sources in this note. 2 Down 10 GW after several record years from GWEC, op. cit. note 1; drop in United States from Steve Sawyer, GWEC, personal communication with REN21, 18 December 2013. 3 GWEC, “Global Wind Statistics 2013” (Brussels: 5 February 2014); Sawyer, op. cit. note 2. 4 At least 85 countries from Shruti Shukla, GWEC, personal communication with REN21, 13 April 2014; figures of 71 and 24 countries from Shruti Shukla, GWEC, personal communication with REN21, 26 March 2014. Note that there was wind-related activity in at least 46 countries during 2013 and, as of end-2013, 75 countries had 10 MW or more capacity, and 24 had more than 1 GW in operation, from WWEA, op. cit. note 1. During 2013, 19,028 new turbines were erected in 54 countries, from Navigant Research, op. cit. note 1. 5 Based on 120,624 MW at end of 2008, and 39,431 MW at end of 2003, from GWEC, op. cit. note 1, p. 21. 6 Sixth consecutive year and shares based on data for China, the European Union, the United States, Canada, and the world, from GWEC, op. cit. note 1, pp. 17, 18. Note that Europe accounted for 32% of all new installations in 2013, up from 28.5% in 2012 and 24.5% in 2011, from Navigant Research, op. cit. note 1; and the EU accounted for 32.3% of 2013 installations from WWEA, op. cit. note 1. 7 Latin America (including Mexico) accounted for 1,615 MW in 2013, or nearly 4.6% of capacity additions based on data from GWEC, op. cit. note 1; Latin America accounted for 5.1% of the global market, from WWEA, op. cit. note 1. 8 GWEC, op. cit. note 1. 9 WWEA, op. cit. note 1. The top five are followed by Germany (372.1 W/capita), Canada (209.7), Estonia (191.2), Austria (182.2), and the United States (167.7). 10 Based on the following: 16,088 MW added for a total of 91,412 MW installed by the end of 2013, from Chinese Wind Energy Association (CWEA), provided by Shi Pengfei, CWEA, personal communication with REN21, 14 March 2014; 16,000 MW added for a total of 91,324 MW, from WWEA, op. cit. note 1; and 16,088 MW added for a total of 91,412 MW, from GWEC, op. cit. note 1, p. 17. For more on China-related developments, see also “Statistics of Wind Power Development in China 2013,” WWEA Quarterly Bulletin, March 2014, pp. 22–33, http://www.wwindea. org/webimages/WWEA_Bulletin-ISSUE_1_2014_reduced.pdf. Figure 20 based on country-specific data and sources provided throughout this section. 11 Figure of 14.1 GW added to the grid for a year-end total of 75,480 MW from China Electricity Council (CEC), provided by Shi Pengfei, CWEA, personal communication with REN21, 15 April 2014. Note that 77,160 MW was available for grid connection, from China Renewable Energy Engineering Institute (CREEI), provided by Shi, op. cit. note 10. Most of the capacity added in 2013 was feeding the grid by year’s end, per Sawyer, op. cit. note 1. Note that the process of finalising the test phase and getting a commercial contract with the system operator takes time, as does getting paid, all of which account for delays in reporting. The difference in statistics among Chinese organisations and agencies is explained by the fact that they count different things—there are three prevailing statistics in China: installed capacity (turbines installed according to commercial contracts); construction

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