Acknowledgements
This report was commissioned by REN21 and produced in collaboration with a global network of research partners. Financing was provided by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi), the Government of South Africa, the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Bank Group. A large share of the research for this report was conducted on a voluntary basis.
The UN Secretary-General’s initiative Sustainable Energy for All mobilises global action to achieve universal access to modern energy services, double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency and double the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix by 2030. REN21’s Renewables 2016 Global Status Report contributes to this initiative by demonstrating the role of renewables in increasing energy access. A chapter on distributed renewable energy – based on input from local experts primarily from developing countries – illustrates how renewables are providing needed energy services and contributing to a better quality of life through the use of modern cooking, heating/cooling and electricity technologies. REN21 is working closely with the SE4All initiative towards achieving the three objectives of the Decade for Sustainable Energy for All (2014–2024).

RESEARCH DIRECTION AND LEAD AUTHORSHIP
Janet L. Sawin,
Lead Author and Content Editor (Sunna Research)
Kristin Seyboth (KMS Research and Consulting)
Freyr Sverrisson (Sunna Research)
PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND GSR COMMUNITY
MANAGEMENT (REN21 SECRETARIAT)
Rana Adib
Hannah E. Murdock
CHAPTER AUTHORS
Fabiani Appavou
Adam Brown
Bärbel Epp (solrico)
Anna Leidreiter (World Future Council – WFC)
Christine Lins (REN21 Secretariat)
Hannah E. Murdock (REN21 Secretariat)
Evan Musolino
Ksenia Petrichenko, Timothy C. Farrell, Thomas Thorsch Krader,
Aristeidis
Tsakiris (Copenhagen Centre on Energy Efficiency)
Janet L. Sawin (Sunna Research)
Kristin Seyboth (KMS Research and Consulting)
Jonathan Skeen
Benjamin Sovacool (Aarhus University/University of Sussex)
Freyr Sverrisson (Sunna Research)
SPECIAL ADVISOR
Adam Brown
RESEARCH SUPPORT
Stefanie E. Di Domenico, Daniele Kielmanowicz (REN21 Secretariat)
Aarth Saraph (United Nations Environment Programme – UNEP)
COMMUNICATION SUPPORT
Laura E. Williamson, Rashmi Jawahar (REN21 Secretariat)
EDITING, DESIGN AND LAYOUT
Lisa Mastny, Editor
weeks.de Werbeagentur GmbH, Design
PRODUCTION
REN21 Secretariat, Paris, France
LEAD AUTHOR EMERITUS
Eric Martinot (Institute for Sustainable Energy Policies – ISEP)
Note: Some individuals have contributed in more than one way to this report. To avoid listing contributors multiple times, they have been added to the group where they provided the most information. In most cases, the lead country, regional and topical contributors also participated in the Global Status Report (GSR) review and validation process.
SIDEBAR AUTHORS
Rabia Ferroukhi
(International Renewable Energy
Agency – IRENA)
Martin Hullin (REN21 Secretariat)
Michael Renner (Worldwatch Institute)
Michael Taylor (IRENA)
REGIONAL CONTRIBUTORS
Asia and Pacific
Maria-Jose Poddey (GIZ)
Central Africa
Fabrice Fouodji Toche
(Global Village Cameroon)
Central and Eastern Europe
Alexander Antonenko, Elisa Asmelash, Katarina Uherova Hasbani,
Andriy
Mitsay, Radovan Nikčević
(Revelle Group)
Eastern and Southern Africa
Wilkista Akinyi, Mark Hankins, Allan Kinuthia, Karin Sosis (African Solar Designs); Joseph Ngwawi (Southern African Research and Documentation Centre – SARDC)
ECOWAS
Dennis Akande (ECOWAS Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency – ECREEE)
Latin America and Caribbean
Gonzalo Bravo (Fundación Bariloche); Lucas Furlano (Fundación Bariloche);
Peter
Krenz (GIZ); Detlef Loy (Loy
Energy Consulting)
Middle East and North Africa
Tarek Abdul Razek, Akram Almohamadi, Mohamad Mahgoub (Regional Center
for
Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency – RCREEE)
LEAD TOPICAL CONTRIBUTORS
Biomass Energy
Helena Chum (NREL); Heinz Kopetz, Bharadwaj Kummamuru (World Bioenergy Association); Julia Muench (Fachverband Biogas e.V.); Patrick Lamers (Idaho National Laboratory)
Community Energy
Claire Haggett (University of Edinburgh); Ansgar Kiene (Greenpeace); Craig Morris (Petite Planète); Yacob Mulugetta (University College
London); Sixbert Mwanga (Climate Action Network Tanzania);
Ruth Rabinowitz (MamaEarth);
Ayla Reith
(Dimagi); Anne Schiffer (Friends of the Earth Scotland); Mohamed Y. Sokona (GIZ/ECREEE); Youba Sokona (IIED);
Ibrahim Togola (Mali Folkecenter / Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability); Tineke van der
Schoor (Hanzehogeschool); Dirk Vansintjan (REScoop.eu); Gordon Walker (Lancaster Environment Centre); Siward
Zomer (ODE Decentraal)
Concentrating Solar Thermal Power
Luis Crespo Rodríguez (European Solar Thermal Electricity Association); Christian Gertig
Distributed Renewable Energy for Energy Access
Jerry Abuga (GVEP International); Berenice Acevedo (VIOGAZ S.A.); Jiwan Acharya (Asian Development Bank – ADB); Emmanuel Ackom (UNEP DTU Partnership; Global Network on Energy for Sustainable Development); Fely Arriola (ADB); Takui Addy Arsene (ONG ADDY); Sarah M. Baird (Let There Be Light International); Miguel Chamochin (Energía sin Fronteras); Judith Dambo (GIZ; EnDev); Aleksandar Dedinec (Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts); Joanna Diecker (Global Off-Grid Lighting Association – GOGLA); Semeu Tchouente Duplex (ONG ADDY); Peter Foerster (GIZ; EnDev); Mukesh Ghimire (Alternative Energy Promotion Centre); Amélie Heuër (SEED); Katherine Johnston (SolarAid); Sacad MJ Kahin (Somaliland Energy for Sustainable Development Organization); Maryse Labriet (Eneris Environment Energy Consultants); Ernesto Macías Galán (Alliance for Rural Electrification – ARE); Angela Mastronardi (REPIC Secretariat); Gifty Serwaa Mensah (Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology – KNUST); Eve Meyer (PowerGen Renewable Energy); Chandirekera Mutubuki-Makuyana (SNV Netherlands Development Organisation); Sebastián Paneque Navarro (VIOGAZ S.A.); Bertille Nibizi (SHINE); Martin Niemetz (Sustainable Energy for All); Raphael Nguyen (GIZ; EnDev); Leanne O’Brien (SkyPower Global); Guilherme Collares Pereira (Energias de Portugal); Koen Peters (GOGLA); Pallav Purohit (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis); David Ato Quansah (KNUST); Yasemin Erboy Ruff (United Nations Foundation); Razvan Sandru (GIZ); Jasna Sekulovic (GIZ Open Regional Funds for South-East Europe); Karan Sehgal (International Fund for Agricultural Development); Chris Service (Foundation Rural Energy Services); Yeliz Şimşek (CSET); Yann Loic Tanvez (World Bank); Jesús Tapia (Energía sin Fronteras); Elizabeth Tully (Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves); Arnaldo Vieira de Carvalho (IDB); Susie Wheeldon (Power for All); Michael Wienhold (GOGLA)
Energy Efficiency
Didier Bosseboeuf (French Environment and Energy Management Agency – ADEME); Tyler Bryant (International Energy Agency – IEA); Kevin Carbonnier (New Buildings Institute – NBI); Cathy Higgins (NBI); Adam Hinge (Sustainable Energy Partnerships); Rod Janssen (Energy in Demand); Benoit Lebot (International Partnership for Energy Efficiency Cooperation); Jim McMahon (Better Climate Research & Policy Analysis); Alexi Miller (NBI); William Moomaw (Center for International Environment and Resource Policy, Tufts University); Melanie Slade (IEA); Peter Sweatman (Climate Strategy & Partners); Samuel Thomas (IEA)
Geothermal Power and Heat
Philippe Dumas (European Geothermal Energy Council – EGEC); Benjamin Matek (Geothermal Energy Association); Marietta Sander (International Geothermal Association); Burkhard Sanner (EGEC)
Global Overview
Heymi Bahar (IEA); Zuzana Dobrotkova (World Bank); Paolo Frankl (IEA); Rainer Hinrichs-Rahlwes (European Renewable Energies Federation; Eric Martinot (ISEP); Gevorg Sargsyan (World Bank); Sven Teske (University of Technology Sydney)
Heat Pumps
Thomas Nowak
(European Heat Pump Association)
Heating and Cooling
Lex Bosselaar (Rijksdienst voor ondernemend Nederland);
Bärbel Epp
(solrico);
Walter Haslinger (Bioenergy 2020); Inés Arias Iglesias (Euroheat & Power); Michael Nast
(German Aerospace Center – DLR)
Hydropower / Ocean Energy
Giulia Cancian (Hydro Equipment Association); Josh Klemm (International Rivers);
Ana Brito e Melo (Ocean Energy Systems – OES); Mathis Rogner (International Hydropower Association – IHA),
Richard Taylor (IHA);
Jose Luis Villate (OES)
Investment
Christine Gruening (Frankfurt School of Finance & Management); Karol Kempa (Frankfurt School); Angus McCrone (Bloomberg New Energy Finance – BNEF)
Jobs
Arslan Khalid (IRENA);
Álvaro López-Peña (IRENA)
Policy
Wilson Rickerson
(Meister Consultants Group)
Solar PV
GTM Research (PV Pulse); Denis Lenardic (pvresources.com); Nhan Ngo Thi Mai (Becquerel Institute); Gaëtan Masson (IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme / Becquerel Institute); Alexandre Roesch (SolarPower Europe); Ioannis-Thomas Theologitis (SolarPower Europe)
Solar Thermal Heating and Cooling
Hongzhi Cheng (Shandong SunVision Management Consulting); Jan-Olof Dalenbäck
(Chalmers University of Technology); Pedro Dias (European Solar Thermal Industry Federation); Uli Jakob (Green
Chiller Verband für Sorptionskälte e.V.); Franz Mauthner (AEE – Institute for Sustainable Technologies – AEE INTEC); Monika
Spörk-Dür (AEE INTEC);
Werner Weiss (AEE INTEC)
Transport
Cornie Huizenga (Partnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport – SLoCaT);
Peter Nuttal (University of the South Pacific); Karl Peet (SLoCaT);
Huib van Essen (CE Delft)
Wind Power
Giorgio Corbetta (WindEurope); Stefan Gsänger (WWEA); Aris Karcanias (FTI
Consulting); Shi Pengfei (China Wind Energy Association); Jean-Daniel Pitteloud (WWEA); Steve Sawyer (GWEC); Shrutii Shukla (GWEC);
Feng Zhao (FTI Consulting)
LEAD COUNTRY CONTRIBUTORS
Albania
Ledio Kosta (Carl Von Ossietzky University)
Algeria
Samy Bouchaib (Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables)
Armenia
Levon Vardanyan (Revelle Group)
Australia
Veryan Hann (University of Tasmania); Mike Cochran (APAC Biofuel Consultants); Alicia Webb (Clean Energy Council)
Austria
Harald Proidl (Energie-Control Austria)
Azerbaijan
Jahangir Efendiev (Revelle Group)
Bangladesh
Dipal Chandra Barua (Grameen Bank)
Belarus
Andriy Molochko (Revelle Group)
Belgium
Cristina Calderon (European Biomass Association – AEBIOM)
Bolivia
Ramiro Trujillo (TransTech)
Brazil
Yasmini Bianor Canali Dopico (University of Oldenburg); Suani Teixeira Coelho, Maria Beatriz Monteiro (Brazilian Reference Centre on Biomass – CENBIO/IEE/USP); Camila Ramos (Clean Energy Latin America)
Cambodia
Richard de Ferranti (International Institute for Sustainable Development – IISD); Jason Steele (SNV Netherlands Development Organisation)
Canada
Michael Paunescu (Natural Resources Canada); Sven Scholtysik (Canadian Geothermal Energy Association)
Chile
Rodrigo Escobar Moragas (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile); Yeliz Simsek, Elias Urrejola (Fraunhofer Chile Research Center for Solar Energy Technologies – CSET)
China
Frank Haugwitz (Asia Europe Clean Energy (Solar) Advisory Co. Ltd.); Amanda Zhang (Chinese Renewable Energy Industries Association)
Colombia
Rocio Cordova, Monica Gutierrez, Sonia Rueda (University of Oldenburg); Javier Eduardo Rodríguez Bonilla (Universidad de los Andes)
Costa Rica
Mauricio Solano-Peralta (Trama TecnoAmbiental)
Cuba
Julio Torres Martinez (Centro de Investigaciones de la Economía Mundial)
Denmark
Danish Energy Agency
Dominican Republic
Francisco Cruz (National Energy Commission – CNE)
Ecuador
Pablo Carvajal (University College London); Sebastián Espinoza (National Institute of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy – INER)
Egypt
Mohammed El-Khayat (New and Renewable Energy Authority)
Estonia
Raul Potisepp (Estonian Renewable Energy Association)
Fiji
Atul Raturi (University of the South Pacific)
France
Romain Zissler (Renewable Energy Institute)
Georgia
Murman Margvelashvili (World Experience for Georgia)
Germany
Peter Bickel, Thomas Nieder (ZSW Centre for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research); Detlef Loy (Loy Energy Consulting); Marco Tepper (BSW-Solar)
Ghana
Daniel Kofi Essien (Danessien Sustainable Energy Solutions Limited)
Greece
Ioannis Tsipouridis (Hellenic Wind Energy Association)
Guyana
Ken Aldonza (GIZ)
Hungary
Luca Zsofia Vasanczki (Dalkia)
Iceland
María Guðmundsdóttir (National Energy Authority of Iceland)
India
Shaurya Bajaj, Jyoti Gulia, Jasmeet Khurana, Vinay Rustagi, Mohit Sehgal (Bridge to India); Bikash Kumar Sahu (Gandhi Institute for Education and Technology); Simla Tokgoz (International Food Policy Research Institute)
Indonesia
Yudha Irmansyah Siregar, Beni Suryadi, Badariah Yosiyana (ASEAN Centre for Energy)
Iran
Javad Abdollahi Sarvi (Karkeh Group);
Mohammadhosein Seyyedan (SAMANIR)
Israel
Gadi Hareli (World Wind Energy Association – WWEA)
Italy
Luca Benedetti (Gestore Servizi Energetici, Statistics and Studies Unit); Alessandro Marangoni (Althesys)
Japan
Keiji Kimura, Mika Ohbayashi (Renewable Energy Institute); Robert Lindner (United Nations University); Hironao Matsubara (ISEP)
Jordan
Diana Athamneh (Modern Arabia for Solar Energy); Samer Zawaydeh (Association of Energy Engineers)
Kazakhstan
Lyubov Inyutina (Revelle Group)
Kyrgyzstan
Gulsara Kasymova (Revelle Group); Tatiana Vedeneva (Center for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Development)
Libya
Mariam El Forjani
Malta
Therese Galea (Ministry for Energy and Health)
Mexico
Sandra Chavez (National Solar Energy Association – ANES); Luis Carlos Gutiérrez-Negrin (Mexican Geothermal Association, International Geothermal Association); Luis Daniel Rivera Rodriguez (University of Oldenburg)
Moldova
Liudmila Burlui (Revelle Group)
Mongolia
Myagmardorj Enkhmend (Mongolian Wind Energy Association)
Montenegro
Marija Vujadinović Kulinović
Morocco
Irene Garcia (WFC); El Mostafa Jamea (MENARES)
Myanmar
Simon Bittner (GIZ)
Netherlands
Luuk Beurskens (Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands)
Nicaragua
Lâl Marandin (PELICAN S.A.)
Nigeria
Lizzy Igbine (Nigerian Women Agro Allied Farmers Association)
Norway
Ånund Killingtveit (Norwegian University of Science and Technology)
Oman
Maimuna Al Farie
(Public Authority for Electricity)
Pakistan
Khalid Aslam
(Sapphire Wind Power Co. Ltd.)
Panama
Fernando Díaz (National Energy Secretariat, Republic of Panama)
Paraguay
Fabio Lucantonio
Peru
Heinrich Berg (Delta Volt)
Philippines
Ferdinand Larona (GIZ)
Portugal
João Graça Gomes, Susana Serôdio (Portuguese Renewable Energy Association – APREN); Fedra Oliveira (Directorate General for Energy and Geology)
Republic of Korea
Sanghoon Lee (Green Energy Strategy Institute)
Russian Federation
Georgy Ermolenko (National Research University Higher School of Economics, Institute for Energy); Maria Ryabova (MGIMO University)
Serbia
Ilija Batas Bjelić (University of Belgrade); Vojislav Milijić (National Biomass Association SERBIO); Vukašin Vučević (Ministry of Mining and Energy, Serbia)
South Africa
Danai Majaha (SARDC); Jonathan Skeen
Spain
Sofia Martínez (Institute for Diversi-fication and Saving of Energy – IDAE)
Sudan
Awadelrahman Mohamedelsadig Ali Ahmed (University of Oldenburg)
Suriname
Roger Sallent (Inter-American Development Bank – IDB)
Sweden
Robert Fischer (University of Bergen)
Taipei, China
Gloria Kuang-Jung Hsu (National Taiwan University)
Tajikistan
Timur Valamat-Zade (Revelle Group)
Thailand
Chris Greacen (World Bank); Sopitsuda Tongsopit (Chulalongkorn University)
Ukraine
Andriy Konechenkov (Ukrainian Wind Energy Association)
United Arab Emirates
Mohammad Bastaki, Hannes Reinisch (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, UAE)
United Kingdom
Stuart Bruce (Centre for International Sustainable Development Law)
United States
Keith Benes (Columbia University); Parthiv Kurup, Mark Mehos, Craig Turchi (National Renewable Energy Laboratory – NREL)
Uruguay
Secretary of Energy (Ministry of Industry, Energy and Mines – MIEM)
Uzbekistan
Larisa Tashodjaeva (Revelle Group)
Vanuatu
Climate & Clean Air Coalition
Venezuela
Oguier Garavitto (Universidad del Zulia)
Vietnam
Peter Cattelaens (GIZ)
Zimbabwe
Francis Masawi (Energy and Information Logistics (Pvt) Ltd)
REVIEWERS AND OTHER CONTRIBUTORS
Sheikh Adil (Banaras Hindu University); Betsy Agar (Renewable Cities); Udochukwu Akuru (University of Nigeria); Jesper Skovhus Andersen (Ringkøbing Fjernvarmeværk); Kathleen Araujo (Stony Brook University); Manjola Banja (European Commission – EC); Nils Borg (IEA 4E); Jean-Baptiste Brochier (Enerdata); David Brosch (University Park Community Solar LLC); Roman Buss (Renewables Academy – RENAC); Miquel Muñoz Cabré (IRENA); Valeria Cantello (Energrid S.p.A.); Kanika Chawla (Council on Energy, Environment and Water); Nigel Cotton (European Copper Institute); Nihat Dinçmen (World Wide Welcome, Inc); Abdou Diop (Enda Energie); Henning Donslund (Ringkøbing-Skjern Kommune); Sossougad Dossa (Amis des Etrangers au Togo – ADET); Julio Eisman Valdès (Fundación ACCIONA Microenergía); Mark Ellis (IEA 4E); Kerstin Faehrmann (German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development – BMZ); Dave Ferrari (RMIT University); Doerte Fouquet (Becker Buettner Held Law Firm); David Fullbrook (DNV GL); Valeria Gambino (Absolute Energy Capital); Daniel García (FAMERAC); Fabio Genoese (Centre for European Policy Studies, Sciences Po); Jacopo Giuntoli (EC Joint Research Centre Institute for Energy and Transport); Wolfgang Glatzl (AEE INTEC); Renata Grisoli (United Nations Development Programme); Ken Guthrie (IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme); Alexander Haack (GIZ); Ahmed Hamza (Assiut University); Tobias Hausotter (GIZ); Jenny Heeter (NREL); Michael Hofmann (IDB); Dieter Holm (SOLTRAIN); Kristen Hughes (University of Pennsylvania); Chijioke Igweh (National Centre for Energy Research and Development – NCERD, University of Nigeria); Andrei Ilas (IRENA); Lutz Jarczynski (GIZ); Rashmi Jahawar (REN21); Jean-Marc Jossart (AEBIOM); Kira Kahmann (GIZ); Alexander Kauer (BMZ); Buchanan Kent (DEA); Wim Jonker Klunne (Energy & Environment Partnership Programme); Bozhil Kondev (GIZ); Ashraf Kraidy (League of Arab States); Arun Kumar (Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee); Oliver Lah (GIZ); David Lecoque (ARE); Sarah Melissa Leitner (GIZ); Christian Liedtke (GIZ); Hugo Lucas (Environmental Studies, York University); Lorcan Lyons (Lorcan Lyons Consulting); Henning Bo Madsen (Friends of the Earth Denmark) Maged Mahmoud (RCREEE); Jaideep Malaviya (Solar Thermal Federation of India); Jesus Gavilan Marin (Delegation of the European Union to the Republic of Mozambique); Ana Marques (ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability); Mathias Merforth (GIZ); Marcelo Mesquita (ABRAVA); Klaus Mischensky (Austria Solar); Lyne Monastesse (Natural Resources Canada); Frederick H. Morse (Morse Associates, Inc.); Gustavo Motta (Ministry of Mines and Energy, Brazil); F.H. Mughal; Les Nelson (International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials); Jan Erik Nielsen (PlanEnergi); Bruce Nordman (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory); Samantha Ölz (consultant); Eric O’Shaughnessy (NREL); Ousmane Outtara (Mali Folkecentre); Carter Page (Global Energy Capital LLC); Binu Parthan (Sustainable Energy Associates); Cristina Peñasco (Spanish National Research Council – CSIC); Robert J. Phillips (Global Affairs Canada); Inna Platonova (Light Up The World); Pascual Polo (Spanish Solar Thermal Association – ASIT); Robert Rapier (Merica International); Jörn Rauhut (German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy – BMWi); David Renné (International Solar Energy Society); Pablo del Río (CSIC); María Hilda Rivera (Power Africa); Heather Rosmarin (InterAmerican Clean Energy Institute); Jo Rowbotham (Te Whiti Services SPC); Qendresa Rugova (Burg Capital GmBH); Kumiko Saito (Solar System Development Association); Gianluca Sambucini (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe); Robert Sandoli (US Department of Energy); Katharina Satzinger (REN21); Martin Schöpe (BMWi); Stefan Schurig (WFC); Rafael Senga (WWF Energy Programme); Ian Shearer (The Sustainable Energy Forum Inc.); Eli Shilten (Elson); Ruth Shortall (University of Iceland); Fuad Siala (OPEC Fund for International Development); Anoop Singh (Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur); Carel Snyman (South African National Energy Development Institute); Staff (Arc Finance); Janusz Starościk (Association of Manufacturers and Importers of Heating Appliances – SPIUG); David Stickelberger (Swissolar); Geoffrey Stiles (Carbon Impact Consultants); Benjamin Struss (GIZ); Paul H. Suding (elsud); Raúl Tauro (Mexican Bioenergy Network – REMBIO); Reto Thoenen (REPIC Secretariat); Robert Thomson (Fetlar Developments Ltd); Ralph Torrie (Torrie Smith Associates); Costas Travasaros (Greek Solar Industry Association – EBHE); Maloba Tshehla (Green Cape); Stanley Tshoga (Biogas Solar Engineering Zimbabwe); Nico Tyabji (BNEF); Kutay Ülke (Ezinç Metal); Rene Vossenaar (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development – UNCTAD); Daniel Werner (GIZ); Adrian Whiteman (IRENA); Philipp Wittrock (GIZ); Tore Wizelius (Vindform AB); Michael Wood (SkyPower); Frank Wouters (Wouters Ltd.)
The Global Trends in Renewable Energy Investment report (GTR), formerly Global Trends in Sustainable Energy Investment, was first published by the Frankfurt School–UNEP Collaborating Centre for Climate & Sustainable Energy Finance in 2011. This annual report was produced previously (starting in 2007) under UNEP’s Sustainable Energy Finance Initiative (SEFI). It grew out of efforts to track and publish comprehensive information about international investments in renewable energy. The latest edition of this authoritative annual report tells the story of the most recent developments, signs and signals in the financing of renewable power and fuels. It explores the issues affecting each type of investment, technology and type of economy. The GTR is produced jointly with Bloomberg New Energy Finance and is the sister publication to the REN21 Renewables Global Status Report (GSR). The latest edition was released in March 2016 and is available for download at www.fs-unep-centre.org.