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203RENEWABLES 2014 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT 2014); for other sources, see Endnote 10 for this section. Population data for 2012 from World Bank, “World development indicators - Population (total),” 2014, http://data.worldbank.org/ indicator/SP.POP.TOTL, viewed 7 March 2014. 3 Trade data used in this analysis are complex and are not always standardised among countries. Table R3 derived from the following sources: P.A. Lamers, Mountain View Research, Denver, CO, personal communication with REN 21, 9 January 2014; P. Lamers et al., “Woody Biomass Trade for Energy,” in M. Junginger, C.S. Goh, and A. Faaij, eds., International Bioenergy Trade: History, status and outlook on securing sustainable bioenergy supply, demand and markets (Berlin: Springer, 2013), pp. 41–64; European Biomass Association (AEBIOM), European Bioenergy Outlook - Statistical Report (Brussels: 2013); Hawkins Wright, “The Outlook for Wood Pellet Demand,” presented at the U.S. Industrial Pellet Association 3rd Annual Exporting Pellets Conference, Miami, FL, 28 October 2013; C.S. Goh et al., “Wood Pellet Market and Trade: A Global Perspective,” Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, vol. 7 (2013), pp. 24–42; P. Lamers et al., “Developments in International Solid Biofuel Trade – An Analysis of Volumes, Policies, and Market Factors,” Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 16 (2012), pp. 3176–99. 4 Table R4 derived from the following sources: ethanol and biodiesel production and comparison with 2012 based on data from F.O. Licht, “Fuel Ethanol: World Production, by Country,” 2014, and from F.O. Licht, “Biodiesel: World Production, by Country,” 2014, with permission from F.O. Licht / Licht Interactive Data; preliminary 2012 data that appeared in GSR 2013 have been updated where possible; ethanol data converted from cubic metres to litres using 1,000 litres/cubic metre; biodiesel data converted from units of 1,000 tonnes using a density value for biodiesel to give 1,136 litres per tonne based on U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Biodiesel Handling and Use Guide, Fourth Edition (Golden, CO: 2009); other major sources of biofuel production data are IEA and United Nations Food and Agriculture. Note that data can vary considerably among sources. For further details, see Bioenergy section in Market and Industry Trends by Technology, and related endnotes. 5 Table R5 derived from the following sources: total global installed capacity in 2013 of 12 GW is based on inventory of existing capacity and installed capacity in 2013, from GEA, op. cit. note 1, with the following supplemental information, by country: New Zealand from Contact Energy, “Continued performance improvement,” press release (Wellington: 18 February 2014), http://www.contactenergy.co.nz/web/pdf/financial/cen-hy14- media-release.pdf; Robert Peltier, “Contact Energy Ltd.’s Te Mihi Power Station Harnesses Sustainable Geothermal Energy,” Power Magazine, 1 August 2013, http://www.powermag. com/contact-energy-ltd-s-te-mihi-power-station-harnesses- sustainable-geothermal-energy/; Mighty River Power, “PM opens showcase geothermal plant: boost for MRP, benefits for NZ,” press release (Auckland: 3 October 2013), http://www.mightyriver. co.nz/PDFs/PDFs/New-Geothermal-plant-boosts-MRP-and- benefits-NZ.aspx; Ormat, “Ormat Successfully Completed the Ngatamariki Geothermal Plant,” press release (Reno, NV: 3 September 2013), http://www.ormat.com/news/latest-items/ ormat-successfully-completed-ngatamariki-geothermal-plant; Turkey from Phillip Dumas, European Geothermal Energy Council, personal communication with REN21, February 2014; Özgür Çağlan Kuyumcu, “Middle East Geothermal Potential,” presentation at Geothermal Resources Council Annual Meeting 2013 (Las Vegas, NV, 29 September–2 October 2013, http:// www.geothermal.org; Mahmut Parlaktuna et al., “Geothermal Country Update report of Turkey (2012-2013),” prepared for the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy, 3–7 June 2013, http://www.geothermal-energy.org/pdf/IGAstandard/ EGC/2013/EGC2013_CUR-32.pdf; Fuji Electric, “Introduction to Fuji Electric’s Recent Experiences in Geothermal Power Plant Business,” presentation, October 2013, http://www. jica.go.jp/information/seminar/2013/ku57pq00001ktre1- att/20131101_01_06.pdf; “Zorlu’s geothermal power plant opened,” Hurriyet Daily News, 30 September 2013, http://www. hurriyetdailynews.com/zorlus-geothermal-power-plant-opened. aspx?pageID=238&nID=55378&NewsCatID=345; MB Holding [Menderes Geothermal Elektrik Üretim (MEGE)], “Dora-3 Produces, Turkey Wins,” 17 September 2013, http://www. mb.com.tr/en/basinda-mb-holding; BM Holding, “Gümüşköy GEPP Project,” http://www.bmholding.com.tr/group_companies/ geothermal.asp?show=gumuskoy_gepp_project&menu=power_ generation; United States from Enel Green Power, “Enel Green Power: The Cove Fort Geothermal Power Plant Starts Operations in Utah,” press release (Rome and Boston: 27 November 2013), http://www.enelgreenpower.com/en-GB/ena/events_news/ press_releases/release.aspx?iddoc=1661220; U.S. Department of Energy, “Nevada Deploys First U.S. Commercial, Grid-Connected Enhanced Geothermal System,” 12 April 2013, http://www. energy.gov/articles/nevada-deploys-first-us-commercial- grid-connected-enhanced-geothermal-system; In-field and near-field EGS are located within or near existing conventional geothermal installations, while greenfield projects would be located on previously undeveloped sites, from GEA, 2013 Geothermal Power: International Market Overview (Washington, DC: September 2013); Ormat, “Ormat Completes the Don A. Campbell Geothermal Power Plant with Full 16 Megawatt (net) Output,” press release (Reno, NV: 6 January 2014), http:// www.ormat.com/news/latest-items/ormat-completes-don- campbell-geothermal-power-plant-full-16-megawatt-net-output; Alexander Richter, “Gradient Resources starts operation of Patua plant in Nevada,” Think Geoenergy, 15 January 2014, http:// thinkgeoenergy.com/archives/17677; Gradient Resources Web site, http://www.gradient.com/; Ormat, “Ormat Becomes Sole Owner of the Mammoth Complex in Mammoth Lakes, California,” press release (Reno, NV: 2 August 2010), http://www.ormat. com/news/acquisitions/ormat-becomes-sole-owner-mammoth- complex-mammoth-lakes-california; Ormat, “Ormat Reaches Commercial Operation of the Newly Refurbished Mammoth G1 Power Plant,” press release (Reno, NV: 23 January 2014), http:// www.ormat.com/news/latest-items/ormat-reaches-commercial- operation-newly-refurbished-mammoth-g1-power-plant; Ormat, “Ormat Reaches Commercial Operation of the Newly Refurbished Mammoth G1 Power Plant,” press release (Reno, NV: 23 January 2014), http://www.ormat.com/news/latest-items/ormat-reaches- commercial-operation-newly-refurbished-mammoth-g1-power- plant; Kenya from Ormat, “Ormat Technologies Commences Operation of 36 MW Geothermal Power Plant In Kenya,” press release (Reno, NV: 2 May 2013), http://www.ormat.com/news/ latest-items/ormat-technologies-commences-operation-36-mw- geothermal-power-plant-kenya; Ormat “Olkaria III Geothermal Complex in Kenya Reaches 110 MW with Commercial Operation of Plant 3,” press release (Reno, NV: 4 February 2014), http:// www.ormat.com/news/latest-items/olkaria-iii-geothermal- complex-kenya-reaches-110-mw-commercial-operation-plant-3; Philippines from Maibarara Geothermal Inc., “20 MW Maibarara Geothermal Power Project Starts Commercial Operations,” 9 February 2014, http://maibarara.com.ph/news/20-mw-maibarara- geothermal-power-project-starts-commercial-operations; Maibarara Geothermal Inc., “Maibarara Geothermal Power Project Gets CDM Approval,” 15 May 2013, http://maibarara.com. ph/uncategorized/maibarara-geothermal-power-project-gets- cdm-approval; Manuel S. Ogena and Ariel Fronda, Philippines Department of Energy, “Prolonged Geothermal Generation and Opportunity in the Philippines,” presentation at Geothermal Resources Council Annual Meeting 2013, Las Vegas, NV, 30 September 2013, http://www.geothermal.org; Mexico from Alstom, “Los Humeros II, Units 9 & 10,” http://www.alstom.com/ Global/Power/Resources/Documents/Brochures/los-humeros-II- mexico-geothermal-power-plant-datasheet.pdf; Alstom, “Alstom to build “Los Humeros III” geothermal project in Mexico,” 19 December 2013, http://www.alstom.com/press-centre/2013/11/ alstom-to-build-los-humeros-iii-geothermal-project-in-mexico/; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, “Project 8861: Los Humeros II Phase A+B Geothermal Project,” http://cdm.unfccc.int/Projects/DB/DNV-CUK1355831407.2/view; Luis Gutierrez-Negrin, Mexican Geothermal Association, personal communication with REN21, April 2014. 6 Table R6 derived from the following sources: China: China Electricity Council (CEC), summary of electricity supply and demand from CEC’s 2014 Annual Report, http://www.cec.org.cn/ guihuayutongji/gongxufenxi/dianligongxufenxi/2014-02-25/ 117272.html; Shi Pengfei, China Wind Energy Association, personal communication with REN21, 12 March 2014; Brazil: 1,533 MW (264 MW small hydro and 1,264 MW large hydro) added in 2013, per National Agency for Electrical Energy (ANEEL), “Fiscalização dos serviços de geração,” February 2013, http:// www.aneel.gov.br/area.cfm?idArea=37; large hydro capacity is listed as 81.093 GW at end-2013 and small hydro at 4.656 GW, for a total of 85,749 MW; generation from National Electrical System Operator of Brazil (ONS), “Geração de Energia,” http://www.ons. org.br/historico/geracao_energia.aspx; United States: 2012 capacity from U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Electric Power Annual, Table 4.3 Existing Capacity by Energy Source, http:// www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/html/epa_04_03.html; projected